The Internet is the world's computer network backbone—a vast network that connects independent networks spanning more than 170 countries. It links computers of many different types, sizes, and operating systems, all sharing the Internet Transmission Control Protocol (TCP/IP), which allows computers of different types to communicate. Internet users can communicate with one another by email, file transfer, computer conferencing, bulletin boards, and newsgroups. Using Telnet, they can log onto computers elsewhere to access databases, on-line libraries, or even computer games. They can explore the World Wide Web, with links to the same resources and to graphics, sound, and video material. And they can have real-time interaction with other users through the keyboard (Internet relay chat) or through audio and video links. No organization or government "owns" the Internet; instead, many people and organizations participate voluntarily on task forces to develop standards and monitor its technical operation. Internet resources   Yuen, K.S. & Tsang, E. 2000. "Provision of an online learning environment for distance learning: Experience of the Open University of Hong Kong," Paper presented at 2000 Conference of E-learning, The Poly University of Hong Kong, Nov. 2000.

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